Edward F. Caldwell & Co. (1895-1946), founded and based in New York City, was America’s leading producer of lighting and decorative metalwork during its existence.  The company client list included Rockefellers, Carnegies and Roosevelts.  Caldwell furnishings can be found in prominent landmarks such as Grand Central Station and Carnegie Hall to this day.

 

The Art Nouveau style flourished throughout Europe and the United States from the late 19th century until the onset of World War I.  Art Nouveau is characterized by its use of long, flowing lines, organic shapes and asymmetry.  The style was a deliberate push against the imitative art and design that dominated much of the 19th century.  Art Nouveau pieces often featured stylized forms of animals and plants.  It was a relatively short design period.

 

Bronze may be patinated in two manners – through firing at a foundry or via the application of colors, varnishes and waxes outside of the oven.